Showing posts with label water restrictions. Show all posts
Showing posts with label water restrictions. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 3, 2017

Researching Water Conservation Strategies with Dr. Mackenzie Boyer

This past summer Mackenzie Boyer successfully defended her PhD thesis and completed her work at UF-ABE. Dr. Boyer was the rare graduate student who returned to school following a stint in the professional world as a consulting engineer. As part of the Dukes research team she published the first journal article documenting water-savings in Florida-Friendly Landscape-certified (FFL) homes. Her work assessing effectiveness of outdoor watering restrictions in Florida was also novel terrain. On her most recent visit to Florida, Dr. Boyer agreed to speak with IrriGator about her research and more.

Dr. Mackenzie Boyer on defense day
What was the focus of your PhD research?
MB: The focus has been studying watering billing records to determine people’s irrigation habits in the Tampa Bay Water region (the SWFWMD area) trying to understand individual customer use for irrigation and then to also understand customer responses to irrigation conservation measures. So looking historically at how well the Florida-Friendly Landscaping Program has done, and how well water restrictions have done and then also projecting into the future how well could a utility do if they were to adopt different conservation strategies.

You came back to graduate school from the professional world. How do you feel this informed your perspective as a student?
MB: The first part of my career focused a lot more on the smaller details of water treatment and water system designs, but what was missing was more of the planning aspect – the big picture. I recognized what was missing in the work that I was doing with water and that’s one of the reasons why I went back to school. A great thing about this project is that we’re working directly with Tampa Bay Water and SWFWMD and the utilities. I feel like we’re impacting the supply side of water more so with our research now.

Dr. Boyer's area of focus in Florida
You recently relocated from Florida to Arizona. Do you get a sense that people relate to water differently out West?
MB: They do relate to it differently. Xeriscapes are much more popular there than FFL is here. But there are still a lot of homeowners that have turfgrass in the desert where you need to put 7 or 8 feet of water on your landscape during the course of the year. I think there is an appreciation of the amount of water that goes into a landscape in that alternative landscapes are accepted at a much larger scale. But for the people who choose to have turfgrass there isn’t the concern about water conservation or the right ways to irrigate your landscape.

The Dukes program tends to attract and develop really skilled water researchers. Do you have any insight as to why?
MB: This is a very important problem in residential water use. 50% of the potable water that goes to homes in the US ends up on people’s landscapes. This is a large area of potential conservation and the research that this group is doing can address an immediate need for better ways to conserve our potable water.

Dr. Mackenzie Boyer circa 2013

Currently you are prioritizing raising your family, but looking ahead to when you return to the work force how would you describe your ideal job?
MB: I hope to work in some area of academia or some area where I’m working directly with utilities. I’d really like to be helping inform utilities on their customers’ irrigation use and methods of conservation that would be applicable to their customers. The type of work that I did using water billing records, a lot of utilities are doing. There is a growing amount of data available to utilities and trying to help them to use that data to affect their water demand would be ideal.

There seems to be a lot of interesting work being done at Arizona State University and some of the cities like the city of Phoenix and the City of Scottsdale. Hopefully I can join some of their work and be able to contribute to it. 

Wednesday, October 21, 2015

WaterSmart Innovations 2015: Thoughts and Impressions

By Mackenzie Boyer


Full disclosure: WaterSmart Innovations is my favorite conference. I love the focus on real-world utility projects, with a sprinkling of university-generated research (like my own). This was my second time attending, and I’m already thinking of how to return in 2016. What follows are some insights and reflections on my WaterSmart experience this fall.
Speaker badge so you know it's real
Gator Nation Rolls Deep
This year representing the IrriGators in Las Vegas were: Drs. Michael Dukes, Melissa Baum-Haley (’11), Stacia Davis (’14), and myself. Also representing UF was Scott Knight (Environmental Engineering ’15), who had received a Universities Council on Water Resources (UCOWR) scholarship.

From left: Drs. Michael Dukes, Melissa Baum-Haley, Stacia Davis and PhD candidate Mackenzie Boyer
In the Audience
Some of the more memorable sessions I attended included:
Karen Guz’s (San Antonio Water) first presentation was such a well told story that I went back for two more or her talks. I especially liked her anecdotes about conservation efforts well-intended but misguided (like the reuse system with potable backup that used more potable water than if the system had just avoided reuse altogether), or with an ulterior motive (like a certain water tower that doubles as an advertisement). 
San Antonio Water's Karen Guz
I saw several presentations on Cash for Grass programs including Sarah Fleury with Castaic Lake Water Agency (take away message: don’t automatically trust customers when they say they have turf in their landscape) and Melissa Baum-Haley with Municipal Water District of Orange County. Both projects were hugely popular. In MWDOC’s case, paper applications were literally stacking up day after day - the rebates of $2-$8/square foot of turf removed coupled with California’s historic drought made the program too attractive to too many customers.

Watershed Management Group's Kiernan Sikdar
Kiernan Sikdar had me ready to move from Gainesville to Tucson just so I could join in Watershed Management Group’s co-op program. A “barn-raising” model that can teach me how and then help me get a gorgeous landscape that thrives from harvesting on-site water? Sign me up!

Waterless and fabulous: Mackenzie Boyer with urinal
At the WaterSmart product expo, I talked shop with other attendees: “You have AMI data?! I want AMI data!” and “Oh you aggregate your data to the census tract level before running correlations? That’s a great approach!” I also couldn’t help but cuddle up to a urinal in honor of some other unnamed Gator engineers who love urine way too much. 

At the Podium
As for my presentation on water restrictions in Florida's Hillsborough and Pinellas counties, I had to begin with the embarrassing admission that my title - Irrigation water restrictions, not as good as you think - although supported by my preliminary data, was incongruous with the presentation I was about to give. 
Going from two day per week allowable irrigation to one day per week allowable irrigation reduced annual irrigation demand by about 14%. However, these trends don’t hold true for all customers. In a newer part of the City of Tampa, customers actually increased their irrigation when restrictions tightened to fewer days. What’s unique about our study is that the evaluation period is over a decade long, where previous studies on water restrictions have been limited to evaluation periods of two months to two years. 

Best Coast?
I spent a summer during college in Arizona working as an intern with the Indian Health Service. I fell in love with the desert landscape and that dry heat that is absolutely nothing like Florida’s sticky, humid summers. Not quite being able to experience the western environment while in a conference all day, Stacia Davis and I headed out to explore a few parks after the conference ended. 
Standing atop Angel’s Landing in Zion National Park, I felt like I could do anything- like maybe even graduate one day. When Stacia and I stopped by Lake Mead, we saw firsthand why over 1,000 professionals attended WaterSmart: Conservation is key. 
You can revisit all the great work presented at WaterSmart Innovations 2015 here.

Wednesday, April 23, 2014

Lawn and Irrigation Myths…Busted!

LAKE CITY, Fl. -

Myth:  Turfgrass has no beneficial attributes in the landscape.
Facts:  Turfgrass moderates temperature, prevents soil erosion from wind and water, and provides recreational areas for outdoor activities.   

Myth Busted

Myth:  Water sensors on irrigation systems do not save water. These are mandated by Florida statute.
Facts:  Rain sensors save 10 to 15 percent water use during dry seasons and 20 to 35 percent during rainy conditions. 

Myth Busted

Myth:  Water restrictions by utilities prevent over irrigation.
Facts:  Although day-of-the-week water restrictions can reduce overall demand, overwatering on a given irrigation day continues.  People who have had inappropriate runtime habits or inefficient irrigation systems still have those problems.   

Myth Busted

Irrigation Myth Busters is the title of just one of the many UF/IFAS on-line training courses that can be accessed for free at here. Dr. Michael Dukes, Professor in Agricultural and Biological Engineering and Interim Director of the Center for Landscape Conservation and Ecology, developed this course based on his extensive irrigation research program.  

The Suwannee River Water Management District initiated new year-round irrigation plan throughout the 15-county region.  During Eastern Standard Time, outdoor irrigation can occur once per week.   
  • Residences with odd or no address numbers are assigned Saturday watering. 
  • Even number addresses may irrigate on Sunday.   
  • All non-residential properties including median strips, motels, businesses and public properties are allowed to irrigate on Tuesday.  Restrictions apply to water from utilities, private wells and surface water.
About 30 percent of all Florida public water use occurs between April and June.  Residential water use is responsible for well over half of the public water use. If each homeowner began to consciously improve irrigation scheduling during these heavy use months, what a difference we could make in water savings!!

As mentioned before, if overwatering is already a regular routine, watering restrictions won’t correct that habit. A conscious effort must be made to understand plant water needs, break habits, and adopt new practices. Visit Your Florida Lawn to find specific information on your grass species, watering tips, and other research-based information to improve the health of your lawn and Florida’s environment.



A few things to consider doing right away include installing micro irrigation in flower beds.  Hand watering and micro irrigation systems are not included in one-day restrictions.  No special tools are needed, systems are easily moved around as your plants are changed out, and every drop goes right to the root zone. 

If you have an automatic irrigation system, try turning it off and using manual control.  If the soil is still moist on your watering day from a recent rain, don’t water again.  It doesn’t help the plants any, but it does deplete our water supply.  You can still enjoy the cooling effects of the lawn and the backyard where the kids can run and play.  Learn how to water and fertilize for the health of the plants and our other natural resources.   

For more information contact
Nichelle Demorest, Horticulture Agent II